NDM case study: How has news changed?

1) What are the most popular platforms for audiences to access news and how has this changed in recent years?

Television is by far the most-used platform for news, with 67% of UK adults saying they use TV as a source of news. The number of people who use the internet or apps for news has remained the same since 2014. Newspapers are used by three in ten, which represents a decrease of nine percentage points since 2014 and 2013 (when 40% of UK adults said they used newspapers for news). There has also been a decrease in those that say they use radio as a source of news (from 36% in 2014 to 32% in 2015). One in ten of adults say they don’t follow news, compared to 5% in 2014 and 7% in 2013. 

2) How do different age demographics access news in the UK?

Those aged 55+ are more likely than those aged 16-24 to use TV, newspapers and radio for news consumption, while the opposite is true for the internet/ apps. Around half (51%) of people aged 16-24 use TV for news, compared to 86% of those aged 55+. A similar pattern can be seen for consumption of news through newspapers (21% of 16-24s vs. 44% aged 55+) and through radio (23% vs. 37%). Conversely, consumption of news online through any device is considerably higher for those aged 16-24 (59%) than for over-55s (23%). 

3) Does socio-economic status change attitudes to news?

People in the AB socio-economic group are more likely than those in the DE socio-economic group to consume news on any of the four main platforms: TV (71% vs 67%), the internet (50% vs. 29%), newspapers (38% vs. 26%) and radio (46% vs. 23%).

4) How many different sources of news are used on average? How does differ between different groups?

Of the four main platforms, three in ten (31%) respondents use only one platform for news, with just under two in ten (19%) using only the TV alone, 11% using only the internet, 3% using radio alone, and 2% using only newspapers. The use of TV alone is more pronounced among over-55s (26%) and those in the DE socio-economic group (28%) than among 16-24s (13%) and those in the AB socio-economic group (14%). One in five (20%) people aged 16-24 report that they only use the internet for news, compared to just 2% of those aged 55+.

5) How has news consumption through television changed in recent years?

The average number of sources that people use for news has remained consistent year on year Looking within each platform at the different sources of news people might use, the number of people who use just one source remained at a similar level to 2014; 44% of TV users said they used just one source (42% in 2014) compared with 43% of internet users (45% in 2014), 34% for newspapers (35% in 2014) and 60% for radio (62% in 2014).

6) How much has news consumption through newspapers declined since 2005?According to NRS figures, the reach of national newspapers has declined considerably in the past ten years, with reach among adults falling by 27 percentage points since 2005 (from 72.4% of all adults in 2005 to 45.4% in 2015).

7) How does newspaper reach differ by age group?

Reach of national newspapers varies by age group: 29.3% of 15-24s are print newspaper readers, compared to 67.9% of over-65s. 

8) Which are the most popular newspapers and websites in the UK? 

The Daily Mail is the most widely-read news title in the UK, with around 5.5 million users. The Sun follows with 5.2 million users, compared to 5.8 million in 2014. Looking at readership levels of print-only newspapers, The Sun was the most popular (with just under 5.2 million users vs. 3.5 million for the Daily Mail). Conversely, looking at readership for websites only, the Daily Mail had 1.8 million users, while The Sun had 0.06 million. The Sun’s lower online readership could be explained by its paywall, whereas the Daily Mail offers its website content free of charge. 

9) How does online news consumption differ for age, gender and socio-economic status?

Four in ten (41%) UK adults say they use the internet for news. Six in ten (59%) UK adults aged 16-24 say they use the internet or apps for news, compared to just under a quarter (23%) of those aged 55+. Over half (53%) of those in the ABC1 socio-economic group use online sources for news, compared to a third (32%) of those in the C2DE socio-economic group. Men are more likely than women to say they use internet for news (45% vs. 37%). 

10) What percentage of people use social media to access news? How does this differ by age and socio-economic status?

Looking at the specific devices that UK adults use to access news via the internet, a quarter (25%) of UK adults say they access news on a mobile phone, up by four percentage points since 2014. This compares to 20% who say they use a computer, laptop or netbook to access news (down by four percentage points since 2014) and 13% use a tablet for news (the same as in 2014). Two in five (42%) 16-24s say they use a mobile phone to access news, compared to 8% of over-55s.

11) What percentage of users only use social media sites for their news?
Ten per cent of online news users use only social media sites for news.

12) What are the most popular online sites for news?
Over half (56%) of online news users said they used the BBC website or app, compared to 59% in 2014. Facebook was the second most popular response, up by 12 percentage points since 2014 (from 17% to 29%). This was followed by the Google search engine (15%) and the Sky News website or app (14%).

13) What percentage of 16-24 year olds access news mostly from social media?
16% of those aged 16-24  

14) How do audiences find stories online? 
30% of those who used social media for news said they ‘mostly’ accessed their news stories through social media posts, compared to 38% who said they ‘mostly’ accessed them directly from the websites/apps of news organisations. A further three in ten (31%) said they accessed them equally on social media posts and on news organisations’ websites or apps.

New/digital media: audience and institution

15) What are the benefits for audiences from the changes new and digital media have had on the news industry?
They have information available at all times via their mobile phones and the internet through the use of social media/apps. News comes from newspaper online sites, feeds, blogs, and news organisations websites such as BBC News who also supply podcasts.
 
16) What are the benefits for institutions from the changes new and digital media have had on the news industry?They have more platforms to distribute their products which can be linked to provide a multimedia product line

17) What are the downsides for audiences as a result of new and digital media in news?
Downsides for audiences are that some of this content that may appear to be free won’t be for much longer

18) What are the downsides for institutions as a result of new and digital media in news?
The main problem for institutions is how to generate serious money out of digital content.



Who has benefited most from the changes new and digital media have had on the news industry - audiences or institutions?

To begin with, It is clear that almost everyone is trying to use new and digital media to the fullest, whether or not if its on apps on their phones or live podcasts on their phones. Institutions have benefited from the changes in new and digital media in many ways. They have brought a lot to the news industry. Now that there is internet, it is being used for many things. For example, you can watch the news on the website its comes from, or on youtube. Furthermore, you can read newspapers on websites and listen to the news on the radio which you could have always done. Also, you can access news headlines or stories on your phone by downloading the apps from newspapers or new or by simply going online. For example, Daily mail app or BBC news app. Additionally, institutions such as Google have gained so much monopoly power over the past few years and they have gained even larger coverage and a better reputation within the industry without realising the drawbacks of their institutions growth. On the other hand, I think that the audiences have benefited more than the institutions. This is because they can access news articles on their phone, laptop, computer, tablets and ipads. Its portable everywhere. Also, the can access the magazines articles, watch the news on their websites or on youtube, they can read and search anything anywhere. If they just read a newspaper they would have to pay a small amount, they would have to make sure that they get the right issue, they will have to make sure that they get the issue everyday and that means going to the shops or making sure that they get delivered home. Instead, they can do this at home via the internet which is easier for them. This helps them as its more efficient and quick. The media industry has obviously evolved a lot since everything has moved onto being electronically done, but focusing on a more narrow industry it is easy to understand that the e-media industry rather than the print has definitely witnessed the benefits more. Due to more free and easily accessed apps and news pages online, there has definitely been a decline in the newspaper industry which would have lead to more job loses and closures for newspaper. 

Week 3-

Facebook inflated video viewing times for two years

https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/sep/23/facebook-video-viewing-times-ad-agencies-metric

Facebook has admitted inflating the average time people spend watching videos for two years by failing to count people who watched for less than 3 seconds.

According to the Wall Street Journal, ad agencies were first alerted to the problem when Facebook wrote a post in its Advertiser Help Centre saying it was introducing a new metric measuring time watched after realising that its previous measure only counting views lasting more than 3 seconds, the time a video must be seen to count as a view.

Following inquiries from agencies, the social network disclosed that this could have inflated average viewing time by between 60% and 80%.

 

Read more

In a statement, Facebook said: “We recently discovered an error in the way we calculate one of our video metrics. This error has been fixed, it did not impact billing, and we have notified our partners both through our product dashboards and via sales and publisher outreach.

“We also renamed the metric to make it clearer what we measure. This metric is one of many our partners use to assess their video campaigns.”

TV presenter warned after paid-for tweet about Alpro snack

https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/sep/21/tv-presenter-tweet-alpro-aj-odudu-twitter-marketing

A TV presenter failed to make it clear she was being paid to send a tweet about a snack, the advertising watchdog has ruled.

AJ Odudu posted a picture of an Alpro Go On yoghurt-type pot in her hand alongside the caption “Fave summer snack vibes”.

The tweet should have been marked to show she was being paid to promote the company’s products, the Advertising Standards Authority said.

Sexually explicit Sunday Sport ads banned despite 'censorship' claim

 

Read more

Odudu, a former presenter on Big Brother’s spin-off show Bit on the Side, should have included a “clear identifier” in the post to let people know it was marketing, rather than her own editorial content, the ASA said.

Odudu, who currently has more than 25,000 followers on Twitter, has been warned to mark future similar posts with #ad to clear up any doubt.

NDM Baseline assessment: Learner response

Feedback:

WWW:

-some good examples with potential here: identity, EU ref etc.

EBI:

-no depth to your argument 

-no explanation or discussion of your examples 

-no consideration of the other side of the debate: that audiences are not empowered.

-no institution or media theory 

Learner Response (re-write developed paragraph): 

The development of social media has allowed audiences to voice their opinions openly. through the use of social media, e.g. twitter, the audiences tweet their opinions on things going on around the world. An example of this would be the topic regarding the UK leaving the EU. Many members of the audience expressed their views on the issue and could do this easily due to the development of social media.Additionally, the audience are also empowered due to the fact that they can be themselves through the use of social media. For example, many people have been able to accept their true identities by coming out as gay or more recently as transgender. This has been able to happen due to the development of new/digital media.

Week 2 -  

-The Guardian view on sexual harassment in schools: "action is needed"

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/sep/13/the-guardian-view-on-sexual-harassment-in-schools-action-is-needed

More than a fifth of girls aged 7 to 12 have experienced sexual jokes from boys; almost a third of 16- to 18-year-old girls have suffered unwanted sexual touching. Nearly three-quarters of teenagers heard girls denigrated with words such as “slut” or “slag” regularly. Teachers report frequent incidents of girls sending nude pictures to their boyfriends – then finding they have been forwarded to others.

Unveiled is a culture that is damaging not only to girls, but also to boys, who are sometimes victims and often face pressure to “prove their masculinity” by objectifying and baiting their schoolmates. 

Almost a quarter of young people were 12 or younger when they first saw porn, and what was previously considered hardcore material has become increasingly mainstream. 

-We used to think shyness was refined. That was before social media

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/sep/17/we-used-to-think-shyness-refined-before-social-media

This article is focuses on how social media has changed the way people are, in terms of being shy. In Morans book, he described shyness as “a low-intensity, mundane, chronic, nebulous and hard-to-define condition” Throughout his book, he gives examples of people overcoming the feeling of being shy, due to social media.

An example is, The novelist Elizabeth Taylor, whose shyness intensified after a firework accident left scars on her neck, exchanged letters for more than 25 years with the writer Robert Liddell who lived faraway in Athens.“Taylor used letter-writing to cathartically dissect her social embarrassments,” Moran writes, but it may also be true that sending letters to people who knew you only from words on paper allowed the writer to confect an epistolary personality, to exaggerate, distort or plain invent herself and the life around her. Taylor wrote a story of what happens when an expatriate novelist returns to England to discover that the version of village life given by his dedicated correspondent, a shy, single woman, is let down by reality. 

New and Digital Media: News case study introduction

News institutions research:

The Sun
'The Sun' is a daily tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Founded in 1964, in late 2013 slipped to second largest Saturday newspaper behind the 'Daily Mail' It had an average daily circulation of 2.2 million copies in March 2014. 

The paper had an average daily readership of approximately 5.5 million, with approximately 31% of those falling into the ABC1 demographic and 68% in the C2DE demographic.

 Approximately 41% of readers are women 
'The Sun' has been involved in many controversies in its history, including its coverage of the 1989 Hillsborugh football stadium disaster

BBC News
British commercial company formed on 18 October 1922. BBC combine global audience revealed at 308 million. By 2020 estimated 500 million global reach amongst viewers.
John Reith founded the company
BBC Global News Ltd’s audience has grown to 105 million with BBC World News TV’s up by 12 per cent, and bbc.com/news growing by 16 per cent.
For the first time, television (148m) overtook radio (133m) as the most popular platform for BBC international news, and it is also the first time since the BBC tracked audiences for all three platforms – radio, TV and online (55m) – in English and 28 other languages – that they’ve all grown in the same year.
World Service TV news content is now available in 12 languages.

The BBC is available on the TV/ONLINE/APP/YOUTUBE/FACEBOOK

Channel 4 
'Channel 4' is a British public service television broadcaster which began transmission on 2 November 1982. Before 'Channel 4' and 'S4C', Britain had three terrestrial television services: BBC1/BBC2/ITV, then 'Channel 4' was added.
Channel four also is home to soaps and reality shows as well as their daily feature of the news bulletins. Channel four news
Channel 4 viewers are broadly in line with the general population average in terms of age and gender, as is More4, although it is slightly more female.


The Daily Mail
'The Daily Mail' is a British daily middle-market newspaper, First published in 1896 by Lord Northcliffe, it is the United Kingdom's second biggest-selling daily newspaper after The sun. Its sister paper 'The Mail on Sunday' was launched in 1982.
It was at the outset a newspaper for women, the first to provide features especially for them, the only British newspaper whose female readers constitute more than 50% of its demographic.
approximately 2.503 million were in the ABC1 demographic and 1.448 million in the C2DE demographic. Its website has more than 100 million unique visitors per month.
The paper has been criticised by doctors and scientists for its reporting on medical subjects.

The Guardian
'The Guardian' is a British national daily newspaper. Founded in 1821 as a local paper replacing the 'Manchester Observer' it was known as 'The Manchester Guardian' until 1959. Now a national paper, it forms part of a media group with international and online offshoots. Sister papers: The Weekly/ The Guardian Weekly. In addition to its UK online edition theguardian.com the paper has two international web sites, Guardian Austrailia, and Guardian US.
The Guardian is purely as print in the form of a newspaper, as well as on-line articles on the website (e-media) and broadcast and sometimes they feature clips on-line not necessarily on YouTube but as footage reporting
The reader profile for the Guardian fall under: Finance-savvy/ Food & drink aficionados/Dedicated followers of fashion/ Active lifestyles/Never without an item of technology/ Arts lovers/ Engaged, influential and well connected

The impact of Google:

1) Why has Google led to the decline of the newspaper industry?
Google has led to the decline of the newspaper industry due to modernisation and new technology. Also, it is free to submit articles online whereas when publishing them in a newspaper you have to pay therefore people are obviously more likely to go with the easier option which is via internet.

2) Do you personally think Google is to blame for newspapers closing and journalists losing their jobs? Why?
Not really, technology is improving and it makes much more sense to go online to view news since you can easily access it through your phones instead of having to go out of your way to buy a newspaper or go watch TV.

3) Read the comments below the article. Pick one comment you agree with and one you disagree with and justify your opinions in detail.

"You can’t single out Google just because it’s the largest digital company. Patch, for example, invested hundreds of millions into journalism in the US and continues to search for the model that will work going forward. There are many who are investing in the future of journalism."

I agree with this comment because google and other sources are improving journalism by simply making it easily accessible and making sure people are fully aware of what is going on around the world.

"Obviously, Google is not to blame. I don’t think it’s about blame. I think the Internet is incredibly poorly designed. Rather than being free, everything on it should cost something in order to compensate creators. We have a proven system for doing this through organizations like ASCAP and BMI. The principal of royalties for profiting from the content of others is well established. Google came along, and, at least in the case of Youtube, knowingly robbed content creators for years in order to build up the business. The ideal system would be one in which every click resulted in a nano-charge on your phone bill, maybe 1/1000 of a cent for a news story, for example. Sites like Google that link to other sites could also pay in very tiny increments."

I don't agree with this statement because making things cost online will result in people not being up to date with news which isn't a good thing since they won't be aware of whats going on around the world.

Instagram unveils tool to allow users to filter abusive comments

Week 1 - 

'The missing sense': why our technology addiction makes us crave smells 

https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/sep/16/smell-digital-technology-ophone-cyrano

David Edwards created the oPhone, he hoped scent messages would become the next big thing in the digitisation of our online lives.

The device looked like a high-tech cruet set, and allowed a friend with an iPhone app to send you bespoke olfactory messages alongside photos. 

The oPhone didn’t take off due to the factt that From a technical point of view, smell is simply harder to mass communicate than sounds and pictures. “There are two main technological obstacles to making smell transmissible by digital means,” explains biophysicist and author of Perfumes: The A-Z guide, Dr Luca Turin. The company has now shifted focus to a “scent speaker” called the Cyrano, which similarly uses a range of scent capsules to emit “playlists” of smells.

Instagram unveils tool to allow users to filter abusive comments

Instagram allows users to like and comment on
other peoples pictures, however, they have
brought in this new feature which allows users to block and prevent people from commenting. 

The new tool lets users add custom keywords and phrases to a list of terms that they consider offensive. 

Those comments that contain such terms are automatically hidden.Well known people such as celebrities were allowed to do this, before members of the public were given this opportunity.